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The big facts page

153 T. rex facts, all checked

Every fact on this site in one place, each linked to its source. Our build checks each one against the source text; see the sources page. Figures that can change carry the date we checked them.

Jump to: The basics | Size (estimates vary) | Skull and teeth | The bite | Body, skin and feathers | Arms | Posture | Speed | Senses | Growing up | Diet and behaviour | Discovery | Famous fossils | Its world | The extinction | Deep time: who lived when

The basics

  1. 1 Tyrannosaurus rex was named in 1905 by Henry Fairfield Osborn, president of the American Museum of Natural History. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  2. 2 The name means “tyrant lizard king”: tyrannos is Greek for tyrant, sauros is Greek for lizard, and rex is Latin for king. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  3. 3 Its fossils come from rocks dated to the end of the Cretaceous period, 69 to 66 million years ago. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  4. 4 It lived in what is now western North America, which was then an island continent called Laramidia. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  5. 5 Its fossils have been found from Canada in the north to at least New Mexico in the south. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  6. 6 It was one of the last non-avian dinosaurs, living right up to the mass extinction 66 million years ago. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  7. 7 T. rex was a theropod: a two-legged meat-eater, with a massive skull balanced by a long, heavy tail. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  8. 8 It is the only dinosaur most people know by its full scientific name. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  9. 9 Tyrannosaurus is the type genus of the tyrannosaur family, Tyrannosauridae: the yardstick used to decide which other dinosaurs belong in the group. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  10. 10 Its closest known relative is probably Tarbosaurus, which lived in Asia. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  11. 11 A 2016 study suggested Tyrannosaurus may have been an immigrant from Asia. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  12. 12 Tyrannosaurs started out as small theropods. Some only became large by the Early Cretaceous. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  13. 13 All tyrannosaurids lived near the end of the Cretaceous, and their fossils have been found only in North America and Asia. Wikipedia: Tyrannosauridae
  14. 14 Birds are the only living dinosaurs. They evolved from earlier theropods, the same big group T. rex belongs to. Wikipedia: Bird

Size (estimates vary)

  1. 15 Sue, one of the largest and most complete T. rex skeletons, measured 12.3–12.8 m long and 3.66–3.96 m tall at the hips. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  2. 16 Recent studies estimate the biggest adults at about 8.4 to 9.2 tonnes. Estimates have varied a lot over the years, from 4.5 tonnes to more than 7.2 tonnes, and most modern estimates fall between 5.4 and 8 tonnes. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  3. 17 Scotty, a T. rex from Saskatchewan in Canada, is reported to be 13 m long. One method of estimating mass puts it at 8.87 tonnes, the largest known specimen. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  4. 18 According to most modern estimates, Tyrannosaurus could have grown longer than 13 m, with a hip height of 3.7–4 m. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  5. 19 Not every adult T. rex was that big. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  6. 20 A 2024 study found little evidence that males and females differed in size. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  7. 21 Some other meat-eating dinosaurs may have rivalled or beaten T. rex for size, but it is still among the largest land predators known. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026

Skull and teeth

  1. 22 The largest known T. rex skulls are up to 1.52 m long. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  2. 23 Big openings in the skull cut down its weight, and many skull bones were filled with tiny air spaces. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  3. 24 The skull was very wide at the back but had a narrow snout, which gave T. rex unusually good binocular (forward-facing) vision. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  4. 25 The tip of the upper jaw was U-shaped, not V-shaped as in most other big meat-eaters, so each bite took out more flesh. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  5. 26 Most of its teeth were thick and robust, more like “lethal bananas” than daggers. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  6. 27 The four front teeth on each side of the upper jaw were D-shaped in cross-section, which helped stop them snapping when T. rex bit and pulled. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  7. 28 The largest T. rex tooth found so far is estimated to have been 30.5 cm long, root included: the largest tooth of any meat-eating dinosaur yet found. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  8. 29 Scientists still debate whether T. rex had lips. A 2023 study argued that theropods like it probably did, which would have kept their teeth covered and wet. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  9. 30 Like other theropods, T. rex replaced its teeth throughout its life. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  10. 31 One study calculated that T. rex could open its jaws to an angle of around 80 degrees. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026

The bite

  1. 32 A 2012 study by Karl Bates and Peter Falkingham estimated that an adult T. rex could bite with 35,000 to 57,000 newtons of force at the back teeth, the most powerful bite of any land animal that has ever lived. Other studies give different figures. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  2. 33 Its bite could crush bone. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  3. 34 It probably tore up food with sideways shakes of the head, like a crocodile. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  4. 35 Bone fragments have been found in fossil poo (coprolites) thought to come from tyrannosaurs. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus

Body, skin and feathers

  1. 36 The heavy tail balanced the huge head and body, and held big muscles that powered the legs. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  2. 37 Its neck was short, deep and muscular, to hold up that enormous head. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  3. 38 Many of its bones were hollow, which saved weight without losing much strength. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  4. 39 For its body size, T. rex had some of the longest legs of any theropod. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  5. 40 T. rex had a wishbone (furcula), as birds do. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  6. 41 Its belly was protected by 18 or 19 pairs of belly ribs. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  7. 42 Skin impressions from a T. rex nicknamed Wyrex show patches of small scales on the tail, hip and neck. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  8. 43 A 2017 study concluded that if big tyrannosaurids like T. rex had feathers at all, they were limited to the top of the back. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  9. 44 Dilong, a small early relative found in China, was the first tyrannosaur found with evidence of feathers. Wikipedia: Dilong paradoxus
  10. 45 Yutyrannus, a large feathered tyrannosaur relative, was named in 2012. Its fossils are the largest known dinosaur specimens with direct evidence of feathers. Wikipedia: Yutyrannus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  11. 46 A study of chemical isotopes estimated T. rex’s body temperature at about 36 °C, which suggests it was warm-blooded. Not every scientist agrees. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026

Arms

  1. 47 T. rex arms were only about 1 metre long, and each hand had two clawed fingers. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  2. 48 Small, but strong: the bones show large areas where muscles attached. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  3. 49 The biceps muscle of an adult T. rex could lift an estimated 199 kg on its own, 3.5 times more powerful than a human’s. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  4. 50 Nobody knows for sure what the arms were for. Ideas include gripping a mate, helping it get up off the ground, and holding struggling prey. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  5. 51 A 2022 paper by Kevin Padian suggested the arms got smaller so they would not be bitten off by other tyrannosaurs during group feeding. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  6. 52 The first complete T. rex arms were not identified until 1989, from a specimen called the Wankel rex. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  7. 53 For the first mounted skeleton in 1915, Osborn gave T. rex longer, three-fingered arms like those of Allosaurus, because the hands had not been found. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus

Posture

  1. 54 For decades T. rex was shown standing upright like a kangaroo, with its tail dragging on the ground. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  2. 55 The first complete T. rex skeleton went on show in 1915 in that upright pose, and stood that way for 77 years until it was taken down in 1992. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  3. 56 By 1970 scientists realised the pose was wrong: a living animal standing like that would have dislocated its joints. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  4. 57 Today T. rex is shown with its body roughly level with the ground and its tail held out behind to balance the head. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  5. 58 Films such as Jurassic Park helped bring the more accurate posture to the public in the 1990s. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus

Speed

  1. 59 Estimates of T. rex’s top speed vary a lot: mostly around 9 metres per second (about 32 km/h), but as low as 4.5 m/s and as high as 20 m/s. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  2. 60 A 2021 study worked out its comfortable walking speed at about 4.6 km/h, close to a human’s. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  3. 61 One 2017 study suggested an adult T. rex could not run at all, because speeds above about 18 km/h would have broken its leg bones. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  4. 62 Studies published in 2019 suggest tyrannosaurs could turn more nimbly than other giant theropods of their size. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  5. 63 A 2020 study found tyrannosaurids were exceptionally efficient walkers. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026

Senses

  1. 64 T. rex had very large olfactory bulbs for its brain size. Of 21 non-avian dinosaurs sampled in one study, it had the best-developed sense of smell. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  2. 65 One study estimated that T. rex had a binocular range of 55 degrees, more than a modern hawk. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  3. 66 The same study estimated its eyesight was 13 times sharper than a human’s. Other scientists may disagree. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  4. 67 Estimates of its eye size suggest it saw poorly in low light and hunted during the day. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  5. 68 T. rex had a very long cochlea, the hearing organ, suggesting it heard low sounds best. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  6. 69 For a non-avian dinosaur it had a big brain for its size: among adult non-avian dinosaurs, only some small feathered theropods had relatively bigger ones. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026

Growing up

  1. 70 T. rex had a growth spurt. Studies suggest young ones stayed under about 1.8 tonnes until about 14 years old, then gained around 600 kg a year for four years. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  2. 71 Those studies found growth slowed down sharply at about 18 years old. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  3. 72 A study published in January 2026 argued T. rex grew more gradually than earlier studies said, reaching full size at around 35–40 years. Scientists are still working this out. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  4. 73 Sue was first estimated to be 28 years old when it died. More recent studies put Sue at 27–33. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  5. 74 A very young T. rex (a specimen called LACM 28471) is estimated to have weighed only about 30 kg and to have been 2 years old when it died. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  6. 75 In July 2026, scientists described a foot bone from a hatchling T. rex, estimated at about 75 cm long and 2.5 kg. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  7. 76 A T. rex from Montana nicknamed B-rex had medullary bone inside its thigh bone: a special tissue only female birds make when they are about to lay eggs. So B-rex was a female. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  8. 77 B-rex is the only T. rex whose sex has been firmly worked out. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  9. 78 More than half of the known T. rex specimens seem to have died within six years of becoming adults. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  10. 79 Some small tyrannosaur skeletons, such as one nicknamed Jane, have been argued to be young T. rex. Others think they belong to a separate, smaller dinosaur called Nanotyrannus. The debate is still going. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026

Diet and behaviour

  1. 80 T. rex was by far the largest meat-eater where it lived, and most likely a top predator, hunting duck-billed dinosaurs, horned and armoured dinosaurs, and possibly giant long-necked sauropods. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  2. 81 Was T. rex a hunter or a scavenger? It was one of palaeontology’s longest debates. Most palaeontologists today accept it was a predator that would also scavenge when it could. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  3. 82 One Edmontosaurus has the tip of a T. rex tooth stuck in its tail bones, with new bone grown around it: it survived the attack. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  4. 83 A Triceratops brow horn and frill bone carry partly healed T. rex tooth marks. The Triceratops survived, but it is not known which animal started the fight. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  5. 84 Chemical clues in its tooth enamel suggest T. rex sometimes ate dead marine reptiles and fish washed up on the shore of an inland sea. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  6. 85 T. rex bones with T. rex tooth marks have been put forward as evidence of cannibalism, perhaps scavenging rather than fighting. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  7. 86 Sue had a broken and healed lower leg bone and tail bones, scarred face bones, and a tooth from another T. rex stuck in a neck bone. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  8. 87 An old idea that T. rex killed with a germ-filled, infectious bite has been undermined. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  9. 88 Did T. rex hunt in packs? Some scientists have suggested it, but the evidence is weak and the idea is not widely accepted. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  10. 89 There is no direct evidence that T. rex looked after its young. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026

Discovery

  1. 90 A tooth now known to be from a T. rex was found in July 1874 near Golden, Colorado. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  2. 91 In 1892 Edward Drinker Cope found two pieces of backbone and named them Manospondylus gigas, “giant porous vertebra”. They are now thought to be from a T. rex, but the name T. rex stuck. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  3. 92 Barnum Brown, of the American Museum of Natural History, found a partial skeleton in Montana’s Hell Creek Formation in 1902. That skeleton became the type specimen of T. rex. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  4. 93 Brown had already found a first partial skeleton in eastern Wyoming in 1900. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  5. 94 Barnum Brown (1873–1963) was nicknamed “Mr. Bones”. Wikipedia: Barnum Brown
  6. 95 Brown wrote at the time: “I have never seen anything like it from the Cretaceous.” Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  7. 96 In the same 1905 paper Osborn named Brown’s Wyoming skeleton Dynamosaurus imperiosus. In 1906 he realised both were the same species. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  8. 97 T. rex won because its name appeared one page earlier than Dynamosaurus in Osborn’s 1905 paper. If the pages had been the other way round, it would be called Dynamosaurus. Wikipedia: Specimens of Tyrannosaurus
  9. 98 In 1941 the type specimen was sold to the Carnegie Museum of Natural History in Pittsburgh, partly to protect it from possible bombing raids during the Second World War. Wikipedia: Specimens of Tyrannosaurus
  10. 99 The original Dynamosaurus bones are now in the Natural History Museum, London. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  11. 100 From the 1910s to the end of the 1950s, Barnum Brown’s finds were the only T. rex specimens known, as the Great Depression and wars kept many palaeontologists out of the field. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  12. 101 In 1998, 20-year-old Bucky Derflinger spotted a T. rex toe bone sticking out of the ground: the youngest person to discover a Tyrannosaurus. Bucky was the first T. rex found with a wishbone. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  13. 102 In 2005 Mary Higby Schweitzer and colleagues reported flexible, blood-vessel-like structures inside a T. rex leg bone. What they are is still argued about. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  14. 103 In 2007, traces of collagen protein from T. rex bone were found to match those of chickens most closely. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  15. 104 Charles R. Knight (1874–1953) painted dinosaurs for museums. His mural of Tyrannosaurus and Triceratops helped make the two “mortal enemies” in popular culture. Wikipedia: Charles R. Knight
  16. 105 Because many fossils were fragmentary in his day, many of Knight’s paintings are now known to be wrong in places. Wikipedia: Charles R. Knight
  17. 106 Osborn also named Velociraptor. Wikipedia: Henry Fairfield Osborn

Famous fossils

  1. 107 Sue was found on 12 August 1990 by fossil hunter Sue Hendrickson, and is named after her. Wikipedia: Sue (dinosaur)
  2. 108 The find happened because of a flat tyre: while the rest of the team went to get the truck fixed, Hendrickson explored some nearby cliffs. Wikipedia: Sue (dinosaur)
  3. 109 Sue is over 90% complete by bulk, about 250 bones. Wikipedia: Sue (dinosaur) · checked 24 Oct 2026
  4. 110 Sue’s skull is 1.394 m long. Wikipedia: Sue (dinosaur)
  5. 111 After a legal fight over who owned it, Sue was sold at auction in October 1997 for US$8.3 million, at that time the highest price ever paid for a fossil. Wikipedia: Sue (dinosaur)
  6. 112 Sue is on permanent display at the Field Museum in Chicago. The mounted skeleton opened to the public on 17 May 2000. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  7. 113 Stan is named after amateur palaeontologist Stan Sacrison, who spotted its pelvis in a cliff in South Dakota in 1987. It was dug up in 1992. Wikipedia: Stan (dinosaur)
  8. 114 Stan’s skull is widely regarded as the best T. rex skull ever found. Wikipedia: Stan (dinosaur) · checked 24 Oct 2026
  9. 115 In October 2020 Stan sold at auction for $31.8 million, then the highest price ever paid for a dinosaur fossil. A Stegosaurus beat that record in July 2024. Wikipedia: Stan (dinosaur)
  10. 116 Stan is now displayed at the Natural History Museum Abu Dhabi, which opened on 22 November 2025. Wikipedia: Stan (dinosaur) · checked 24 Oct 2026
  11. 117 Stan had broken and healed ribs, a broken and healed neck, and a hole in the back of its head about the size of a T. rex tooth. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  12. 118 Scotty was found in Saskatchewan, Canada, in 1991 by Robert Gebhardt, a local high school principal. Freeing it from the rock took about two decades, mostly by hand. Wikipedia: Scotty (dinosaur)
  13. 119 The Wankel rex, found in Montana, gave scientists the first complete T. rex arms in 1989. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  14. 120 Comparisons of T. rex skulls found the longest head (specimen LACM 23844) was 136.5 cm long and the widest (Sue) 90.2 cm wide. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026

Its world

  1. 121 Many T. rex fossils come from the Hell Creek Formation, rocks that stretch across parts of Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota and Wyoming. Wikipedia: Hell Creek Formation
  2. 122 The Hell Creek Formation is named after Hell Creek, near Jordan, Montana. Wikipedia: Hell Creek Formation
  3. 123 Back then the Hell Creek area was warm and humid. Most plants were flowering plants, with trees such as dawn redwood. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  4. 124 Crocodilians and palm trees found there suggest a mild climate with no long freezes. Wikipedia: Hell Creek Formation
  5. 125 T. rex shared Hell Creek with Triceratops, Edmontosaurus, Ankylosaurus, Pachycephalosaurus and Thescelosaurus, among others. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus
  6. 126 Triceratops, the “three-horned face”, lived at the same time and place and was most likely hunted by T. rex. Wikipedia: Triceratops
  7. 127 Triceratops was around 8–9 m long and weighed up to 6–10 tonnes. Wikipedia: Triceratops · checked 24 Oct 2026
  8. 128 Edmontosaurus annectens was a duck-billed dinosaur up to about 12 m long. Wikipedia: Edmontosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  9. 129 Ankylosaurus, an armoured dinosaur, was named by Barnum Brown in 1908. Its name means “fused lizard”. Wikipedia: Ankylosaurus
  10. 130 Laramidia was cut off from the east of North America by a shallow inland sea, the Western Interior Seaway. Wikipedia: Western Interior Seaway
  11. 131 A 2021 study estimated there were perhaps 20,000 adult T. rex alive at any one time, with a possible range of 1,300 to 328,000. Other scientists have questioned the numbers. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  12. 132 The same study estimated about 2.5 billion T. rex lived over the whole time the genus existed. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus · checked 24 Oct 2026
  13. 133 A single large footprint found in New Mexico in 1983, named Tyrannosauripus pillmorei in 1994, was very likely made by a T. rex. It is 83 cm long. Wikipedia: Tyrannosaurus

The extinction

  1. 134 About 66 million years ago a mass extinction wiped out three-quarters of plant and animal species on Earth, including all the non-avian dinosaurs. Wikipedia: Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event
  2. 135 It is generally thought to have been caused by an asteroid 10 to 15 km wide, which made the Chicxulub crater in Mexico. Wikipedia: Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event
  3. 136 The boundary layer in the rocks has unusually high levels of iridium, a metal more common in asteroids than in Earth’s crust. Wikipedia: Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event
  4. 137 The impact caused a long “impact winter” that stopped plants and plankton from photosynthesising. Wikipedia: Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event
  5. 138 The famous iridium-rich boundary layer can be seen in the Hell Creek Formation. Wikipedia: Hell Creek Formation
  6. 139 Birds are the only dinosaur lineage known to have survived. Wikipedia: Dinosaur

Deep time: who lived when

  1. 140 Stegosaurus lived between 155 and 145 million years ago, in the Late Jurassic. Wikipedia: Stegosaurus
  2. 141 Archaeopteryx lived around 150 million years ago, in what is now southern Germany. Wikipedia: Archaeopteryx
  3. 142 Spinosaurus lived in North Africa about 100 to 94 million years ago. Wikipedia: Spinosaurus
  4. 143 Velociraptor lived in Asia about 75 to 71 million years ago. Wikipedia: Velociraptor
  5. 144 Allosaurus lived 155 to 143 million years ago, in the Late Jurassic. Wikipedia: Allosaurus
  6. 145 Iguanodon lived in Europe about 126 to 122 million years ago. Wikipedia: Iguanodon
  7. 146 Triceratops lived about 69 to 66 million years ago, on Laramidia, alongside T. rex. Wikipedia: Triceratops
  8. 147 Ankylosaurus lived at the very end of the Cretaceous, about 70 to 66 million years ago, in western North America. Wikipedia: Ankylosaurus
  9. 148 Edmontosaurus annectens lived alongside Triceratops, Tyrannosaurus and Ankylosaurus shortly before the extinction. Wikipedia: Edmontosaurus
  10. 149 Woolly mammoths survived on mainland Siberia until around 10,000 years ago. Wikipedia: Woolly mammoth
  11. 150 Our own species, Homo sapiens, appeared around 300,000 years ago. Wikipedia: Homo sapiens
  12. 151 The giant shark megalodon lived from the Early Miocene to the Early Pliocene, millions of years after T. rex. Wikipedia: Otodus megalodon
  13. 152 Tarbosaurus, T. rex’s close cousin, lived in Asia at the end of the Cretaceous. Wikipedia: Tarbosaurus
  14. 153 Albertosaurus, a smaller tyrannosaur, lived in north-western North America about 71 million years ago. Wikipedia: Albertosaurus